Showing posts with label Alibaba. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Alibaba. Show all posts

Thursday, 4 June 2015

Alibaba Taobao, AliExpress, Tmall, Online Electronic Shopping Website XSS & Open Redirect Security Vulnerabilities




















Alibaba Taobao, AliExpress, Tmall, Online Electronic Shopping Website XSS & Open Redirect Security Vulnerabilities
Domains Basics:
Alibaba Taobao, AliExpress, Tmall are the top three online shopping websites belonging to Alibaba.


Vulnerability Discover:
Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore.






(1) Domains Descriptions:


“Taobao is a Chinese website for online shopping similar to eBay and Amazon that is operated in China by Alibaba Group.” (Wikipedia)

“With around 760 million product listings as of March 2013, Taobao Marketplace is one of the world’s top 10 most visited websites according to Alexa. For the year ended March 31, 2013, the combined gross merchandise volume (GMV) of Taobao Marketplace and Tmall.com exceeded 1 trillion yuan.” (Wikipedia)

Alexa ranking 9 at 10:40 am Thursday, 22 January 2015 (GMT+8).



"Launched in 2010, AliExpress.com is an online retail service made up of mostly small Chinese businesses offering products to international online buyers. It is the most visited e-commerce website in Russia" (Wikipedia)



"Taobao Mall, is a Chinese-language website for business-to-consumer (B2C) online retail, spun off from Taobao, operated in the People's Republic of China by Alibaba Group. It is a platform for local Chinese and international businesses to sell brand name goods to consumers in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan." (Wikipedia)





(2) Vulnerability descriptions:
Alibaba Taobao AliExpress Tmall online electronic shopping website has a cyber security bug problem. It can be exploited by XSS and Covert Redirect attacks. 





(3) Alibaba Taobao, AliExpress, Tmall, Online Electronic Shopping Website XSS
The vulnerability can be exploited without user login. Tests were performed on Firefox (34.0) in Ubuntu (14.04) and IE (8.0.7601) in Windows 7.


(3.1) Alibaba Taobao Online Electronic Shopping Website (Taobao.com ) XSS (cross site scripting) Security Vulnerability


The vulnerabilities occur at “writecookie.php?" page with "ck" parameter, e.g

POC Code:
http://www.taobao.com/go/rgn/tw/writecookie.php?ck=tw"-->'-alert(/justqdjing/ )-'";&redirect=0


POC Video:
Blog Details:



(3.2)Alibaba AliExpress Online Electronic Shopping Website (Aliexpress.com) XSS Security Vulnerabilities

The vulnerabilities occur at “landing.php?" page with "cateid" "fromapp" parameters, e.g

POC Code:
/' "><img src=x onerror=prompt(/tetraph/)>
http://activities.aliexpress.com/mobile_325_promotion_landing.php?cateid=6</script>/' "><img src=x onerror=prompt(/tetraph/)><!--&fromapp=


POC Video:
Blog Details:



(3.3) Alibaba Tmall Online Electronic Shopping Website (Tmall.com) XSS Security Vulnerability 

The vulnerabilities occur at “writecookie.php?" page with "ck" parameter, e.g

POC Code:
http://www.tmall.com/go/app/sea/writecookie.php?ck=cn"-->'-alert(/tetraph/ )-'";&redirect=1


POC Video:
Blog Details:



This vulnerabilities were disclosed at Full Disclosure. "The Full Disclosure mailing list is a public forum for detailed discussion of vulnerabilities and exploitation techniques, as well as tools, papers, news, and events of interest to the community. FD differs from other security lists in its open nature and support for researchers' right to decide how to disclose their own discovered bugs. The full disclosure movement has been credited with forcing vendors to better secure their products and to publicly acknowledge and fix flaws rather than hide them. Vendor legal intimidation and censorship attempts are not tolerated here!" All the fllowing web securities have been published here, Injection, Broken Authentication and Session Management, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Insecure Direct Object References, Security Misconfiguration, Sensitive Data Exposure, Missing Function Level Access Control, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities, Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards.




(4) Alibaba Taobao（taobao.com）Covert Redirect Security Vulnerability Based on Apple.com

(4.1) Vulnerability description:
Alibaba Taobao has a security problem. It can be exploited by Covert Redirect attacks. Taobao will check whether the redirected URL belongs to domains in Taobao's whitelist, e.g. apple.com

If this is true, the redirection will be allowed.

However, if the URLs in a redirected domain have open URL redirection vulnerabilities themselves, a user could be redirected from Taobao to a vulnerable URL in that domain first and later be redirected from this vulnerable site to a malicious site. This is as if being redirected from Taobao directly.

In fact, Apple.com was found can be exploited by Open Redirect vulnerabilities. Those vulnerabilities details will be published in the near future.


(4.2) The vulnerability occurs at "redirect.htm?" page, with parameter “&url”, i.e.

The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on IE (10.0) of Windows 8, Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7.


(4.3) Use a website for the tests，the redirected webpage is “http://www.tetraph.com/blog". Just suppose it is malicious.

Vulnerable URL:

POC Code:


Poc Video:
Blog Detail:






Those vulnerablities were reported to Alibaba in 2014 and have been patched by the security team (just checked). Name was listed in the hall of fame by Alibaba.












========================================================




阿里巴巴 淘宝, 天猫, 全球苏卖通 线上电子购物网 跨站脚本攻击 (XSS) & 公开重定向 (Open Redirect) 安全漏洞 



域名:

阿里巴巴 淘宝, 天猫, 全球苏卖通 线上电子购物网 是阿里巴巴集团最大的前三家网上购物电子商务网站.




(1) 漏洞描述:
阿里巴巴 淘宝, 天猫, 全球苏卖通 线上电子购物网 有一个安全问题. 它容易遭受 跨站脚本攻击 (XSS) & 公开重定向 (Open Redirect) 安全漏洞攻击.

漏洞不需要用户登录，测试是基于Windows 7 的 IE (8.0. 7601) 和 Ubuntu (14.04) 的 Firefox (34.0)。



(1.1) 阿里巴巴 淘宝 线上电子购物网 (Taobao.com) XSS (跨站脚本攻击) 安全漏洞 

漏洞链接地点 “writecookie.php?", 参数 "ck" e.g.


POC:
http://www.taobao.com/go/rgn/tw/writecookie.php?ck=tw"-->'-alert(/tetraph/ )-'";&redirect=0






(1.2) 阿里巴巴 全球速卖通 在线交易平台 (aliexpress.com) XSS (跨站脚本攻击) 安全漏洞 

漏洞链接地点 “mobile_325_promotion_landing.php", 参数 "cateid" 和 "fromapp" e.g.


POC:
/' "><img src=x onerror=prompt(/tetraph/)>
http://activities.aliexpress.com/mobile_325_promotion_landing.php?cateid=6</script>/' "><img src=x onerror=prompt(/tetraph/)><!--&fromapp=






(1.3) 阿里巴巴 天猫 线上电子购物网 (Tmall.com) XSS (跨站脚本攻击) 安全漏洞 

漏洞链接地点 “writecookie.php?", 参数 "ck" e.g.

POC:
http://www.tmall.com/go/app/sea/writecookie.php?ck=cn"-->'-alert(/tetraph/ )-'";&redirect=1






(2) 阿里巴巴淘宝线上电子购物网（taobao.com）Covert Redirect（隐蔽重定向跳转）安全漏洞基于 苹果网站


(2.1) 漏洞描述:
阿里巴巴 淘宝购物网 有一个安全问题. 它容易遭受 Covert Redirect  (Open Redirect 公开重定向) 漏洞攻击. 所有 属于 Apple.com 的 链接都在白名单内。故而如果 苹果的 网站 本身有 公开重定向问题。那么受害者相当于首先被导向到 苹果官网然后 到 有害网站。 事实上苹果网站被发现有公开重定向问题，过段时间会公布细节。


有漏洞的文件是 "redirect.htm?", 参数 “&url”, i.e.


这个漏洞不需要用户登录。测试是基于Windows 8 的 IE (10.0) 和 Ubuntu (14.04) 的 Firefox (34.0) 及 Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit)，Mac OS X Lion 10.7 的 Safari 6.1.6。



(2.2) 用一个创建的网页进行测试，这个网页是“http://www.tetraph.com/blog"。可以假定这个页面是有害的。

漏洞网址:

POC 代码:








这些漏洞在2014年被报告给阿里巴巴安全应急中心，到今天已被修补 （刚刚检查）， 名字被列在了白帽子名单感谢表里。




漏洞发现者:
王晶, 数学科学系 (MAS), 物理与数学科学学院 (SPMS), 南洋理工大学 (NTU), 新加坡.





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Thursday, 26 June 2014

阿里巴巴 支付宝 网站 OAuth 2.0 隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 网络安全漏洞 (信息泄漏 & 公开重定向)



 















阿里巴巴 支付宝 网站 OAuth 2.0 隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 网络安全漏洞 (信息泄漏 & 公开重定向) 




(1) 域名:
alipay.com

"支付宝（中国）网络技 术有限公司是国内领先的第三方支付平台，致力于提供“简单、安全、快速”的支付解决方案。支付宝公司从2004年建立开始，始终以“信任”作为产品和服务 的核心。旗下有“支付宝”与“支付宝钱包”两个独立品牌。自2014年第二季度开始成为当前全球最大的移动支付厂商。支付宝主要提供支付及理财服务。包括 网购担保交易、网络支付、转账、信用卡还款、手机充值、水电煤缴费、个人理财等多个领域。在进入移动支付领域后，为零售百货、电影院线、连锁商超和出租车 等多个行业提供服务。还推出了余额宝等理财服务。支付宝与国内外180多家银行以及VISA、MasterCard国际组织等机构建立战略合作关系，成为 金融机构在电子支付领域最为信任的合作伙伴。" (百度百科)








(2) 漏洞描述:
阿里巴巴 支付宝网站有有一个计算机安全问题，黑客可以对它进行隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 网络攻击。


这个漏洞不需要用户登录，测试是基于微软 Windows 8 的 IE (10.0.9200.16750); Ubuntu (14.04) 的 Mozilla 火狐 (Firefox 34.0) 和 谷歌 Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0; 以及苹果 OS X Lion 10.7 的 Safari 6.16。



(2.1) 漏洞细节:
Alipay 的 OAuth 2.0 系统可能遭到攻击。更确切地说， Alipay 对 OAuth 2.0 系统的 parameter “&goto“ 验证不够充分。可以用来构造对 Alipay 的 URL跳转 攻击。
与此同时，这个漏洞可以用来收集第三方 App 和 用户 的敏感信息（敏感信息包含在 HTTP header里）， 
它也增加了对第三方网站 URL跳转 攻击的成功率。
漏洞地点 "login/express.htm?"，参数"&goto", e.g.
https://auth.alipay.com/login/express.htm?goto=https%3A%2F%2Fmemberexprod.alipay.com%2Fauthorize%2FuserAuthQuickLoginAction.htm%3Fe_i_i_d%3D41da904223e68d291bfb0eecbff264e1 [1]


同意三方 App 前：
当一个已经登录的 Alipay 用户点击上面的 URL ([1]), 对话框会询问他是否接受第三方 App 接收他的信息。如果同意，他会被跳转到 参数 "&goto" 的 URL。

如果没有登录的Alipay 用户点击 URL ([1]), 他登录后会发生同样的事情。


同意三方 App 后：
已经登录的 Alipay 用户 不会再被询问是否接受 三方 App。当他点击 URL ([1]) 时，他会被直接跳转到攻击者控制的页面。
如果 Alipay 用户没有登录，攻击依然可以在要求他登录的Alipay的对话框被确认后完成（这个过程不会提示任何和三方 App 有关的内容）
。

(2.1.1) 因为 Alipay 的 OAuth 2.0 客户很多，这样的攻击可以很常见。
在同意三方 App 之前，Alipay 的 OAuth 2.0 让用户更容易相信被跳转的页面是安全的。这增加了三方 App 被 URL跳转 攻击的成功率。
同意三方 App 后， 攻击者可以完全绕过 Alipay 的 URL跳转 验证系统。

用了一个页面进行了测试， 页面是 "http://canghaixiao.tumblr.com/". 可以假定它是有害的，并且含有收集三方 App 和用户敏感信息的 code。
下面是一个有漏洞的三方 domain:
cjcp.com.cn

这个 domain 有漏洞的 URL:
http://uc.cjcp.com.cn/?m=pay&a=login&furl=http%3A%2F%2Ftetraph.com%2Fessayjeans%2Foutings%2F%25E5%2590%25AC%25E6%25B5%25B7.html

攻击者在浏览器输入 URL,
http://uc.cjcp.com.cn/?m=pay&a=login&furl=http%3A%2F%2Ftetraph.com%2Fessayjeans%2Foutings%2F%25E5%2590%25AC%25E6%25B5%25B7.html

然后，攻击者可以得到 URL,
https://auth.alipay.com/login/express.htm?goto=https%3A%2F%2Fmemberexprod.alipay.com%2Fauthorize%2FuserAuthQuickLoginAction.htm%3Fe_i_i_d%3D41da904223e68d291bfb0eecbff264e1 [2]

 如果用户点击 URL [2], 攻击发生。



POC 视频:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhqwC9RQl44

 博客细节:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/alibaba-alipays-oauth-20-covert.html





(3) 什么是隐蔽重定向? 

隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 是一个计算机网络安全漏洞。这个漏洞发布于 2014年5月。漏洞成因是网络应用软件对跳转到合作者的跳转没有充分过滤。这个漏洞经常利用第三方网站 (包括合作网站) 的公开重定向 (Open Redirect) 或者 跨站脚本漏洞 (XSS - Cross-site Scripting) 问题。

隐蔽重定向也对单点登录 (single sign-on) 有影响。最初发布的是对两款常用登录软件 OAuth 2.0 和 OpenID 的影响。黑客可以利用真实的网站进行网络钓鱼，从而窃取用户敏感信息。几乎所用提供 OAuth 2.0 和 OpenID 服务的网站都被影响。隐蔽重定向还可以和 跨站请求伪造 (CSRF - Cross-site Request Forgery) 一起利用。它的 scipID ID 是 13185; OSVDB ID 是 106567;  Bugtraq ID 是 67196;  X-Force ID 是 93031。














相关文章:
http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/alibaba-alipays-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerability-information-leakage-open-redirect/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/07/alibaba-alipay-bug.html
http://whitehatpost.lofter.com/post/1cc773c8_72e71f9
https://vulnerabilitypost.wordpress.com/2014/06/02/alibaba-alipay-exploit/
https://twitter.com/yangziyou/status/614368472705818624
blog.163.com/tetraph/blog/static/2346030512014471384217
http://whitehatview.tumblr.com/post/119488487851/securitypost-itinfotech-falha-de-seguranca#notes
http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2014/07/alibaba-alipay-bug.html
https://computertechhut.wordpress.com/2014/06/06/alibaba-alipay-exploit/
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/alibaba-alipays-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerability-information-leakage-open-redirect/









===========








Alibaba Alipay OAuth 2.0 Service Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs (Information Leakage & Open Redirect)



(1) Domain:
alipay.com


"Alipay.com is a third-party online payment platform with no transaction fees. It was launched in China in 2004 by Alibaba Group and its founder Jack Ma. According to analyst research report, Alipay has the biggest market share in China with 300 million users and control of just under half of China's online payment market in February 2014. According to Credit Suisse, the total value of online transactions in China grew from an insignificant size in 2008 to around RMB 4 trillion (US$660 billion) in 2012. Alipay provides an escrow service, in which consumers can verify whether they are happy with goods they have bought before releasing money to the seller. This service was offered for what the company says are China's weak consumer protection laws, which have reduced consumer confidence in C2C and even B2C quality control." (Wikipedia)







(2) Vulnerability Description:
Alipay web application has a computer security problem. Hacker can exploit it by Covert Redirect cyber attacks. 


The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7. 









(2.1) Vulnerability Detail:
Alipay's OAuth 2.0 system is susceptible to Attacks. More specifically, the authentication of parameter "&goto" in OAuth 2.0 system is insufficient. It can be misused to design Open Redirect Attacks to Alipay.


At the same time, it can be used to collect sensitive information of both third-party app and users (sensitive information is contained in HTTP header.).


It increases the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks to third-party websites, too.



The vulnerabilities occurs at page "/express.htm?" with parameter "&goto", e.g.

Before acceptance of third-party application:
When a logged-in Alipay user clicks the URL ([1]) above, he/she will be asked for consent as in whether to allow a third-party website to receive his/her information. If the user clicks OK, he/she will be then redirected to the URL assigned to the parameter "&goto".

If a user has not logged onto Alipay and clicks the URL ([1]) above, the same situation will happen upon login.


After acceptance of third-party application:
A logged-in Alipay user would no longer be asked for consent and could be redirected to a webpage controlled by the attacker when he/she clicks the URL ([1]).


For a user who has not logged in, the attack could still be completed after a pop-up page that prompts him/her to log in.

(2.1.1) Before acceptance of the third-party application, Alipay's OAuth 2.0 system makes the redirects appear more trustworthy and could potentially increase the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks of third-party website.


Once the user accepts the application, the attackers could completely bypass Alipay's authentication system and attack more easily.



Used one of  webpages for the following tests. The webpage is "http://lifegreen.lofter.com/". Can suppose it is malicious and contains code that collect sensitive information of both third-party app and users.

Below is an example of a vulnerable third-party domain:
cjcp.com.cn
Attackers enter the following URL in browser,


 Then, attackers can get URL below,


 If users click URL [2], attacks happen.






POC Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhqwC9RQl44

Blog Detail:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/alibaba-alipays-oauth-20-covert.html






(3) What is Covert Redirect? 
Covert Redirect is a class of security bugs disclosed in May 2014. It is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without sufficient validation. This often makes use of Open Redirect and XSS (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerabilities in third-party applications.
Covert Redirect is also related to single sign-on, such as OAuth and OpenID. Hacker may use it to steal users' sensitive information. Almost all OAuth 2.0 and OpenID providers worldwide are affected. Covert Redirect can work together with CSRF (Cross-site Request Forgery) as well. 






Discover and Reporter:
Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)









Related Articles:
http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/alibaba-alipays-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerability-information-leakage-open-redirect/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/07/alibaba-alipay-bug.html
http://whitehatpost.lofter.com/post/1cc773c8_72e71f9
https://vulnerabilitypost.wordpress.com/2014/06/02/alibaba-alipay-exploit/
https://twitter.com/yangziyou/status/614368472705818624
blog.163.com/tetraph/blog/static/2346030512014471384217
http://whitehatview.tumblr.com/post/119488487851/securitypost-itinfotech-falha-de-seguranca#notes
http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2014/07/alibaba-alipay-bug.html
https://computertechhut.wordpress.com/2014/06/06/alibaba-alipay-exploit/
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/alibaba-alipays-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerability-information-leakage-open-redirect/
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