Showing posts with label cyber. Show all posts
Showing posts with label cyber. Show all posts

Wednesday, 17 June 2015

GetPocket getpocket.com CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery ) Web Security Vulnerability










GetPocket getpocket.com CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery ) Web Security Vulnerability

Domain: getpocket.com
"Pocket was founded in 2007 by Nate Weiner to help people save interesting articles, videos and more from the web for later enjoyment. Once saved to Pocket, the list of content is visible on any device — phone, tablet or computer. It can be viewed while waiting in line, on the couch, during commutes or travel — even offline. The world's leading save-for-later service currently has more than 17 million registered users and is integrated into more than 1500 apps including Flipboard, Twitter and Zite. It is available for major devices and platforms including iPad, iPhone, Android, Mac, Kindle Fire, Kobo, Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Opera and Windows." (From: https://getpocket.com/about)


Vulnerability Description:
Pocket has a computer cyber security bug problem. Hacker can exploit it by CSRF attacks.

 "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is an attack that forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they're currently authenticated. CSRF attacks specifically target state-changing requests, not theft of data, since the attacker has no way to see the response to the forged request. With a little help of social engineering (such as sending a link via email or chat), an attacker may trick the users of a web application into executing actions of the attacker's choosing. If the victim is a normal user, a successful CSRF attack can force the user to perform state changing requests like transferring funds, changing their email address, and so forth. If the victim is an administrative account, CSRF can compromise the entire web application." (OWSAP)


Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (9 9.0.8112.16421) of Windows 7, Mozilla Firefox (37.0.2) & Google Chromium 42.0.2311 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04.2),Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X v10.9 Mavericks.



Vulnerability Details:
The code programming flaw exists at "https://getpocket.com/edit/edit" page, i.e.https://getpocket.com/edit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwpshout.com%2Fchange-wordpress-theme-external-php&title=

Vulnerable URL:
https://getpocket.com/edit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwpshout.com%2Fchange-wordpress-theme-external-php&title=


Use a website created by me for the following tests. The website is "http://itinfotech.tumblr.com/". Suppose that this website is malicious. If it contains the following link, attackers can post any message as they like.
<a href="https://getpocket.com/edit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmake.wordpress.org%2Fcore%2F2014%2F01%2F15%2Fgit-mirrors-for-wordpress&title=csrf test">getpocket csrf test</a> [1]


When a logged victim clicks the link ([1]), a new item will be successfully saved to his/her "Pocket" without his/her notice. An attack happens.




Tuesday, 12 May 2015

CVE-2015-2349 – SuperWebMailer 5.50.0.01160 XSS (Cross-site Scripting) Web Security Vulnerabilities


















CVE-2015-2349 – SuperWebMailer 5.50.0.01160 XSS (Cross-site Scripting) Web Security Vulnerabilities


Exploit Title: CVE-2015-2349 – SuperWebMailer /defaultnewsletter.php” HTMLForm Parameter XSS Web Security Vulnerabilities

Product: SuperWebMailer
Vendor: SuperWebMailer
Vulnerable Versions: 5.*.0.*   4.*.0.*
Tested Version: 5.*.0.*   4.*.0.*
Advisory Publication: March 11, 2015
Latest Update: May 03, 2015
Vulnerability Type: Cross-Site Scripting [CWE-79]
CVE Reference: CVE-2015-2349
Impact CVSS Severity (version 2.0):
CVSS v2 Base Score: 4.3 (MEDIUM) (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N) (legend)
Impact Subscore: 2.9
Exploitability Subscore: 8.6
CVSS Version 2 Metrics:
Access Vector: Network exploitable; Victim must voluntarily interact with attack mechanism
Access Complexity: Medium
Authentication: Not required to exploit
Impact Type: Allows unauthorized modification
Author and Creditor: Jing Wang [School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore] (@justqdjing)







Information Details:



(1) Vendor & Product Description:



Vendor:

SuperWebMailer



Product & Vulnerable Versions:

SuperWebMailer
5.60.0.01190
5.50.0.01160
5.40.0.01145
5.30.0.01123
5.20.0.01113
5.10.0.00982
5.05.0.00970
5.02.0.00965
5.00.0.00962
4.50.0.00930
4.40.0.00917
4.31.0.00914
4.30.0.00907
4.20.0.00892
4.10.0.00875


Vendor URL & Download:

SuperWebMailer can be gained from here,
http://www.superwebmailer.de/



Product Introduction Overview:

“Super webmail is a web-based PHP Newsletter Software. The web-based PHP Newsletter Software Super webmail is the optimal solution for the implementation of a successful e-mail marketing.”

“To use the online PHP Newsletter Script is your own website / server with PHP 4 or newer, MySQL 3.23 or later and the execution of CronJobs required. Once installed, the online newsletter software Super webmail can be served directly in the browser. The PHP Newsletter Tool Super webmail can therefore be used platform-independent all operating systems such as Windows, Linux, Apple Macintosh, with Internet access worldwide. The PHP Newsletter Script allows you to manage your newsletter recipients including registration and deregistration from the newsletter mailing list by double-opt In, Double Opt-Out and automatic bounce management. Send online your personalized newsletter / e-mails in HTML and Text format with embedded images and attachments immediately in the browser or by CronJob script in the background immediately or at a later. With the integrated tracking function to monitor the success of the newsletter mailing, if thereby the openings of the newsletter and clicks on links in the newsletter graphically evaluated and presented. Put the integrated autoresponder to autorun absence messages or the receipt of e-mails to confirm.”


“It is now included CKEditor 4.4.7. An upgrade to the latest version is recommended as an in CKEditor 4.4.5 Vulnerability found. Super webmail from immediately contains new chart component for the statistics that do not need a flash and are therefore also represented on Apple devices. For the Newsletter tracking statistics is now an easy print version of the charts available that can be printed or saved with PDF printer driver installed in a PDF file. When viewing the e-mails in the mailing lists of the sender of the email is displayed in a column that sent the e-mail to the mailing list. For form creation for the newsletter subscription / cancellation are now available variant”






(2) Vulnerability Details:

SuperWebMailer web application has a computer security bug problem. It can be exploited by XSS attacks. This may allow a remote attacker to create a specially crafted request that would execute arbitrary script code in a user’s browser session within the trust relationship between their browser and the server. 


Several other related products 0-day vulnerabilities have been found by some other bug hunter researchers before. SuperWebMailer has patched some of them. FusionVM Vulnerability Management and Compliance provides sources for the latest info-sec news, tools, and advisories. It has published suggestions, advisories, solutions details related to web application vulnerabilities.


(2.1) The programming code flaw occurs at “&HTMLForm” parameter in “defaultnewsletter.php?” page.









Related Results:
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Mar/55
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/73063
http://lists.openwall.net/full-disclosure/2015/03/07/3
http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.fulldisclosure/1819
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/131288/ECE-Projects-Cross-Site-Scripting.html
http://static-173-79-223-25.washdc.fios.verizon.net/?l=full-disclosure&m=142551542201539&w=2
https://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2015030043
http://aibiyi.lofter.com/post/1cc9f4e9_6edf9bf
http://tetraph.tumblr.com/post/118764414962/canghaixiao-cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer
http://canghaixiao.tumblr.com/post/118764381217/cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer-5-50-0-01160-xss
http://essaybeans.lofter.com/post/1cc77d20_6edf28c
https://www.facebook.com/essaybeans/posts/561250300683107
https://twitter.com/essayjeans/status/598021595974602752
https://www.facebook.com/pcwebsecurities/posts/687478118064775
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/234603051201541231655569/
https://plus.google.com/112682696109623633489/posts/djqcrDw5dQp
http://essayjeans.blogspot.com/2015/05/cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer-550001160.html
https://mathfas.wordpress.com/2015/05/12/cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer-5-50-0-01160-xss/
http://www.tetraph.com/blog/xss-vulnerability/cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer-5-50-0-01160-xss/
https://vulnerabilitypost.wordpress.com/2015/05/12/cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer-5-50-0-01160-xss/
http://aibiyi.blogspot.com/2015/05/cve-2015-2349-superwebmailer-550001160.html

Wednesday, 10 December 2014

Alvorlig feil i utbredt innloggingssystem

Alvorlig feil i utbredt innloggingssystem

Benyttes av Facebook, Google, Yahoo, LinkedIn, Microsoft og mange flere.


Wang Jing, en doktorgradstudent ved Nanyang Technological University i Singapore, har oppdaget en alvorlig sårbarhet knyttet til autentiseringssystemene OAuth 2.0 og OpenID. Sårbarheten, som er av typen «covert redirect», dreier seg om at en applikasjon tar en parameter og omdirigerer en bruker til parameteren uten tilstrekkelig validering. Ifølge Jing skyldes dette ofte at nettsteder har for stor tillit til sine partnere.









– Nettstedet sjekker domenenavnet mot et «token» (tildelt til partneren som et middel for verifisering) i den omdirigerte URL-en. Dersom paret er i godkjent-listen i nettstedets database, vil det tillate omdirigeringen. Men dersom URL-en tilhører et domene som har en «open redirect»-sårbarhet, kan brukerne omdirigeres fra nettstedet til et sårbart nettsted og deretter til en ondsinnet nettsted, skriver Jing.







Covert Redirect Mengancam OAuth 2.0 dan OpenID

 Pada Jumat lalu, Wang Jing, seorang mahasiswa program PhD di Nanyang Technological University di Singapura, menerbitkan sebuah laporan yang memjabarkan tentang metode serangan yang disebut dengan “Covert Redirect” dan memperkenalkannya sebagai kerentanan atau vulnerable di OAuth 2.0 dan OpenID.





















Cara kerja OAuth 2.0 dan OpenID sendiri adalah dengan memberikan akses bagi pengguna layanan ini untuk mendapatkan domain yang dapat mengakses menggunakan kredensial yang telah ada kepada website lain seperti Facebook, Google, Microsoft atau LinkedIn. Dengan akses yang didapatkan pengguna layanan ini dapat menghapus sebuah akun dan menggantinya dengan akun yang baru.




http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/computer-security/covert-redirect-mengancam-oauth-2-0-dan-openid/



Monday, 8 December 2014

Falha de segurança afeta logins de Facebook, Google e Microsoft

























Um estudante de PHD de Singapura, Wang Jing, identificou a falha, chamada de “Covert Redirect”, que consegue usar domínios reais de sites para verificação de páginas de login falsas, enganando os internautas.



Os cibercriminosos podem criar links maliciosos para abrir janelas pop-up do Facebook pedindo que o tal aplicativo seja autorizado. Caso seja realizada esta sincronização, os dados pessoais dos usuários serão passados para os hackers.



Wang afirma que já entrou em contato com o Facebook, porém recebeu uma resposta de que “entende os riscos de estar associado ao OAuth 2.0″ e que corrigir a falha “é algo que não pode ser feito por enquanto”.



O Google afirmou que o problema está sendo rastreado, o LinkedIn publicou nota em que garante que já tomou medidas para evitar que a falha seja explorada, e a Microsoft negou que houvesse vulnerabilidade em suas páginas, apenas nas de terceiros.



A recomendação do descobridor da falha para os internautas é que evitem fazer o login com dados de confirmação de Facebook, Google ou qualquer outro serviço sem terem total certeza de que estão em um ambiente seguro.





Especialistas: erro é difícil de corrigir

O site CNET ouviu dois especialistas em segurança virtual sobre o assunto. Segundo Jeremiah Grossman, fundador e CEO interino da WhiteHat Security, afirma que a falha “não é fácil de corrigir”. Segundo Chris Wysopal, diretor da Veracode, a falha pode enganar muita gente.


“A confiança que os usuários dão ao Facebook e outros serviços que usam OAuth pode tornar mais fácil para os hackers enganarem as pessoas para que elas acabem dando suas informações pessoais a ele”, afirma Wsyopal.







notícias relacionadas:

Keep calm e fate attenzione: OpenID e OAuth sono vulnerabili






















Keep calm e fate attenzione: OpenID e OAuth sono vulnerabili





Solo un paio di settimane dopo il preoccupante bug conosciuto come Heartbleed, un utente di Internet come me e voi ha scoperto una nuova e a quanto pare diffusa vulnerabilità, anche questa non facile da  risolvere. Si tratta del bug “Covert redirection”, scoperto di recente da Wang Jing, uno dottorando in matematica presso la Nanyang Technological University di Singapore. Il problema è stato riscontrato all’interno dei popolari protocolli Internet OpenID e OAuth. Il primo protocollo viene utilizzato quando si cerca di accedere a un sito web usando le credeziali già create per i servizi di Google, Facebook o LinkedIn. Il secondo viene utilizzato quando si autorizza un sito web, una app o alcuni servizi con Facebook, Google +, ecc… senza rivelare di fatto la password e le credenziali a siti esterni. Questi due metodi vengono spesso usati insieme e, a quanto pare, potrebbero permettere ai cybercriminali di mettere mano sulle informazioni degli utenti.








La minaccia
Su Threatpost sono disponibili maggiori informazioni tecniche sul bug e un link alla ricerca originale, in inglese. Ma andiamo la sodo e osserviamo come funziona un possibile attacco e quali sarebbero le sue conseguenze. In primo luogo, affinché si verifichi il problema, un utente dovrebbe visitare un sito di phishing dannoso dotato del tipico “Accedi con Facebook”. Il sito potrebbe assomigliare del tutto a un servizio popolare esterno, fingendosi e proponendosi come un nuovo servizio. Poi il vero Facebook, Google +  o LinkedIn lancia una popup che invita l’utente a inserire le credenziali di login e la password per autorizzare i servizi appena menzionati (e in teoria “rispettabili”) e permettere all’utente di accedere. Nell’ultima fase, l’autorizzazione a usare il profilo viene inviata a un sito diverso (di phishing), “redirezionando” le informazioni in forma impropria.






http://blog.kaspersky.it/facebook-openid-oauth-vulnerabili/3639/










Wednesday, 30 July 2014

搜狐 网站 OAuth 2.0 隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 网络安全漏洞 (信息泄漏 & 公开重定向)



















搜狐 网站 OAuth 2.0 隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 网络安全漏洞 (信息泄漏 & 公开重定向) 




(1) 域名:
sohu.com




" 搜狐(NASDAQ:SOHU),是一家互联网中文门户网站。1995年,搜狐创始人张朝阳从美国麻省理工学院毕业回到中国,利用风险投资创建了爱特信信 息技术有限公司,1998年正式推出搜狐网。2000年,搜狐在美国纳斯达克证券市场上市。搜狐开发的产品有搜狗拼音输入法、搜狗五笔输入法、搜狗音乐 盒、搜狗浏览器、搜狐彩电、独立的搜索引擎搜狗和网游门户畅游。搜狐是2008年北京奥林匹克运动会唯一的互联网赞助商,也是奥林匹克运动会历史上第一个 互联网内容的赞助商。" (百度百科)







(2) 漏洞描述:
搜狐 网站有有一个计算机安全问题,黑客可以对它进行隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 网络攻击。

这 个漏洞不需要用户登录,测试是基于微软 Windows 8 的 IE (10.0.9200.16750); Ubuntu (14.04) 的 Mozilla 火狐 (Firefox 34.0) 和 谷歌 Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0; 以及苹果 OS X Lion 10.7 的 Safari 6.16。




(2.1) 漏洞细节:

Sohu 的 OAuth 2.0 系统可能遭到攻击。更确切地说, Sohu 对 OAuth 2.0 系统的 parameter “&redirect_uri“ 验证不够充分。可以用来构造对 Sohu 的 URL跳转 攻击。


与此同时,这个漏洞可以用下面的参数来收集第三方 App 和 用户 的敏感信息(敏感信息包含在 HTTP header里),
"&response_type"=sensitive_info,token,code...
"&scope"=email,name...


它也增加了对第三方网站 URL跳转 攻击的成功率。


漏洞地点 "/oauth2/authorize?",参数"&redirect_uri", e.g.
https://api.t.sohu.com/oauth2/authorize?client_id=TP4vefRdCFUEFhrNpMnQ&scope=basic&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cn%2Fsitecb%2Fsohu.do&state=http://my.xuan.news.cn/main.do__20 [1]



同意三方 App 前:
当一个已经登录的 Sohu 用户点击上面的 URL ([1]), 对话框会询问他是否接受第三方 App 接收他的信息。如果同意,他会被跳转到 参数 "&redirect_uri" 的 URL。


如果没有登录的 Sohu 用户点击 URL ([1]), 他登录后会发生同样的事情。



同意三方 App 后:
已经登录的 Sohu 用户 不会再被询问是否接受 三方 App。当他点击 URL ([1]) 时,他会被直接跳转到攻击者控制的页面。


如果 Sohu 用户没有登录,攻击依然可以在要求他登录的Sohu的对话框被确认后完成(这个过程不会提示任何和三方 App 有关的内容)。




(2.1.1) Sohu 一般会允许属于已被验证过得三方 App domain 的所有 URLs。 然而,这些 URLs 可以被操控。比如,参数 "&redirect_uri" 是被三方 App 设置的,但攻击者可以修改此参数的值。


因此,Sohu 用户意识不到他会被先从 Sohu 跳转到第三方 App 的网页,然后从此网页跳转到有害的网页。这与从 Sohu 直接跳转到有害网页是一样的。


因为 Sohu 的 OAuth 2.0 客户很多,这样的攻击可以很常见。


在同意三方 App 之前,Sohu 的 OAuth 2.0 让用户更容易相信被跳转的页面是安全的。这增加了三方 App 被 URL跳转 攻击的成功率。


同意三方 App 后, 攻击者可以完全绕过 Sohu 的 URL跳转 验证系统。


用了一个页面进行了测试, 页面是 "http://essayjeanslike.lofter.com/". 可以假定它是有害的,并且含有收集三方 App 和用户敏感信息的 code。


Sohu 与 news.cn 有关的有漏洞的 URL:
https://api.t.sohu.com/oauth2/authorize?client_id=TP4vefRdCFUEFhrNpMnQ&scope=basic&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flogin.home.news.cn%2Fcb%2Fsohu.do&state=http://my.xuan.news.cn/main.do__20



POC (我们可以在news.cn domain 内随便修改"redirect_uri"的值):
https://api.t.sohu.com/oauth2/authorize?client_id=TP4vefRdCFUEFhrNpMnQ&scope=basic&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flogin.home.news.cn%2Fcb%2Fsohu.do&state=http://my.xuan.news.cn/main.do__20



POC 视频:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1XW31s92qA





博客细节:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/sohus-oauth-20-covert-redirect.html









(3) 什么是隐蔽重定向? 
隐蔽重定向 (Covert Redirect) 是一个计算机网络安全漏洞。这个漏洞发布于 2014年5月。漏洞成因是网络应用软件对跳转到合作者的跳转没有充分过滤。这个漏洞经常利用第三方网站 (包括合作网站) 的公开重定向 (Open Redirect) 或者 跨站脚本漏洞 (XSS - Cross-site Scripting) 问题。

隐蔽重定向也对单点登录 (single sign-on) 有影响。最初发布的是对两款常用登录软件 OAuth 2.0 和 OpenID 的影响。黑客可以利用真实的网站进行网络钓鱼,从而窃取用户敏感信息。几乎所用提供 OAuth 2.0 和 OpenID 服务的网站都被影响。隐蔽重定向也可以和 跨站请求伪造 (CSRF - Cross-site Request Forgery) 一起利用。







相关文章:
http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/sohus-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect
https://inzeed.wordpress.com/2014/07/28/sohu-exploit/
https://twitter.com/buttercarrot/status/558906629056249856
http://diebiyi.com/articles/security/covert-redirect/sohus-oauth-bug
http://russiapost.blogspot.com/2014/07/sohu-hacking.html
http://shellmantis.tumblr.com/post/119492886806/securitypost
http://xingzhehong.lofter.com/post/1cfd0db2_706af13
https://itinfotechnology.wordpress.com/2014/07/07/sohu-attack/
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/sohus-oauth-2-0
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/23460305120144714756937/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/08/sohu-service-attack.html




============


Sohu OAuth 2.0 Service Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs (Information Leakage & Open Redirect)



(1) Domain:
sohu.com

"Sohu, Inc. (Chinese: 搜狐; pinyin: Sōuhú; literally: "Search-fox") is a Chinese Internet company headquartered in the Sohu Internet Plaza in Haidian District, Beijing. This company and its subsidiaries offer advertising, a search engine, on-line multiplayer gaming and other services. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, Sohu Inc.'s revenues increased 41% to $188.9M. Net income increased 31% to $35M. Sohu was ranked as the world's 3rd and 12th fastest growing company by Fortune in 2009 and 2010 respectively. As of August 2011, Sohu is the 44th overall in Alexa's internet rankings." (Wikipedia)




(2) Vulnerability Description:
Sohu web application has a computer security problem. Hacker can exploit it by Covert Redirect cyber attacks. 


The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04),Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7. 




(2.1) Vulnerability Detail:
Sohu's OAuth 2.0 system is susceptible to Attacks. More specifically, the authentication of parameter "&redirct_uri" in OAuth 2.0 system is insufficient. It can be misused to design Open Redirect Attacks to Sohu.

At the same time, it can be used to collect sensitive information of both third-party app and users by using the following parameters (sensitive information is contained in HTTP header.),
"&response_type"=sensitive_info,token...
"&scope"=get_user_info%2Cadd_share...

It increases the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks to third-party websites, too.


Before acceptance of third-party application:
When a logged-in Sohu user clicks the URL ([1]) above, he/she will be asked for consent as in whether to allow a third-party website to receive his/her information. If the user clicks OK, he/she will be then redirected to the URL assigned to the parameter "&redirect_uri".

If a user has not logged onto Sohu and clicks the URL ([1]) above, the same situation will happen upon login.


After acceptance of third-party application:
A logged-in Sohu user would no longer be asked for consent and could be redirected to a webpage controlled by the attacker when he/she clicks the URL ([1]).

For a user who has not logged in, the attack could still be completed after a pop-up page that prompts him/her to log in.



(2.1.1) Sohu would normally allow all the URLs that belong to the domain of an authorized third-party website. However, these URLs could be prone to manipulation. For example, the "&redirect_uri" parameter in the URLs is supposed to be set by the third-party websites, but an attacker could change its value to make Attacks.

Hence, a user could be redirected from Sohu to a vulnerable URL in that domain first and later be redirected from this vulnerable site to a malicious site unwillingly. This is as if the user is redirected from Sohu directly. The number of Sohu's OAuth 2.0 client websites is so huge that such Attacks could be commonplace.

Before acceptance of the third-party application, Sohu's OAuth 2.0 system makes the redirects appear more trustworthy and could potentially increase the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks of third-party website.

Once the user accepts the application, the attackers could completely bypass Sohu's authentication system and attack more easily.



(2.2) Used one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage is "http://essayjeanslike.lofter.com/". Can suppose it is malicious and contains code that collect sensitive information of both third-party app and users.


POC Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1XW31s92qA





Blog Detail:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/sohus-oauth-20-covert-redirect.html







(3) What is Covert Redirect? 

Covert Redirect is a class of security bugs disclosed in May 2014. It is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without sufficient validation. This often makes use of Open Redirect and XSS (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerabilities in third-party applications.



Covert Redirect is also related to single sign-on, such as OAuth and OpenID. Hacker may use it to steal users' sensitive information. Almost all OAuth 2.0 and OpenID providers worldwide are affected. Covert Redirect can work together with CSRF (Cross-site Request Forgery) as well. 



Discover and Reporter:
Jing Wang, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. 
(@justqdjing)
http://tetraph.com/wangjing/







Related Articles:

http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/sohus-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect
https://inzeed.wordpress.com/2014/07/28/sohu-exploit/
https://twitter.com/buttercarrot/status/558906629056249856
http://diebiyi.com/articles/security/covert-redirect/sohus-oauth-bug
http://russiapost.blogspot.com/2014/07/sohu-hacking.html
http://shellmantis.tumblr.com/post/119492886806/securitypost
http://xingzhehong.lofter.com/post/1cfd0db2_706af13
https://itinfotechnology.wordpress.com/2014/07/07/sohu-attack/
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/sohus-oauth-2-0
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/23460305120144714756937/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/08/sohu-service-attack.html